List of glam metal bands and artists
The following is a list of glam metal bands and artists with articles on Wikipedia. The list includes bands and artists that have been described as glam metal or its interchangeable terms, hair metal[1] & hair bands,[2] as well as being used synonymously with pop metal[3] by professional journalists at some stage in their career. Glam metal is a subgenre of heavy metal.[4] Heavily influenced by 1970s glam rock,[5] the music of glam metal typically mixed heavy metal, pop music, and hard rock.[6] Glam metal groups were also known for their visual attire which typically included teased hair, makeup, and showy clothing.[6] Glam metal was predominately successful in the 1980s, though the rise of grunge during the 1990s caused its popularity to decline. However in the 2000s, several glam metal groups began to regain interest.[5]
The list
Notes
- ^ a b c Ramirez, Carlos. "Top 10 Musicians with Hair Metal Pasts - Noisecreep". Noisecreep. http://www.noisecreep.com/2010/01/01/top-10-musicians-with-hair-metal-pasts/. Retrieved 18 April 2010.
- ^ Witmer, Scott (2010). History of Rock Bands. p. 22. ISBN 978-1-60453-692-8. http://books.google.com/books?id=PpX6xBSj-MQC&pg=PT7&dq=glam+metal+hair+band&cd=2#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- ^ "Pop-metal", Allmusic. Retrieved 9 November 2011.
- ^ Stevenson, Jane. "CANOE -- JAM! Movies: 'Headbanger' is Heavy Metal: 101". JAM!. http://jam.canoe.ca/Movies/2006/02/24/1460062.html. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
- ^ a b Bowar, Chad. "What Is Hair Metal? - History of Hair Metal - Hair Metal 101 - About.com". About.com. http://heavymetal.about.com/od/heavymetal101/p/hairmetal.htm. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
- ^ a b "allmusic". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/explore/style/d2693. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
- ^ Pareles, Jon (10 July 1988). "HEAVY METAL, WEIGHTY WORDS - NYTimes.com". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1988/07/10/magazine/heavy-metal-weighty-words.html?pagewanted=all. Retrieved 16 May 2010.
- ^ Cairns, Dan (29 June 2008). "Down time: Aerosmith - Times Online". London: The Sunday Times. http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article4219579.ece. Retrieved 30 May 2010.
- ^ Harrington, Joe S. (2002). Sonic Cool: the Life & Death of Rock 'n' Roll. Hal Leonard Corporation. p. 392. ISBN 978-978-0-634-02861-8. http://books.google.com/books?id=lw9Ccboc5OcC&pg=PA392&dq=Aerosmith+glam+metal#v=onepage&q=Aerosmith%20glam%20metal&f=false.
- ^ Williams, Monte. "Illustrated Collector's Guide to Alice Cooper by Dale Sherman < PopMatters". PopMatters. http://www.popmatters.com/pm/review/93268-illustrated-collectors-guide-to-alice-cooper/. Retrieved 30 May 2010.
- ^ Adams, Cameron (28 August 2009). "Alice Cooper impressed by the ARIA Hall of Fame". News.com.au. http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/music/alice-cooper-impressed-by-the-aria-hall-of-fame/story-e6frfn09-1225766991306. Retrieved 30 May 2010.
- ^ Harris, Craig. "allmusic (((Jim Sullivan > Biography)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p20841. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ Prato, Greg. "allmusic (((Live in Your Face > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r424897. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ AMG review of Holy Water
- ^ Rivadavia, Eduardo. "allmusic (((Under the Silver of Machines > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r1087779. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ Rivadavia, Eduardo. "allmusic (((Badlands > Biography)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p3614. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
- ^ a b Goldberg, Michael Alan. "Desert Invasion: How to Survive Being Assaulted by Washed-Up Hair Metal Acts - Page 1 - Music". Phoenix New Times. http://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/2009-05-07/music/desert-invasion-how-to-survive-being-assaulted-by-washed-up-hair-metal-acts/. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
- ^ Henderson, Alex. "allmusic (((Beggars & Thieves > Biography)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p12329. Retrieved 1 April 2010.
- ^ Prato, Greg. "allmusic (((Live in Detroit 1984 > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r592686. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ "explore music... Pop-Metal". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/explore/style/d7728. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ a b c d e "Top 20 Hair Metal Albums of the Eighties - Guitar World". Guitar World. http://www.guitarworld.com/top_20_hair_metal_albums_of_the_eighties?page=0%2C1. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Wiseman, Nathan. "Chapter & Verse Article". PopMatters. http://www.popmatters.com/chapter/04Autumn/wiseman.html. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
- ^ "For The Record: Quick News On Britney Spears, Brandy, J-Kwon, Kurt Cobain, Ying Yang Twins, Distillers, Poison & More". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1486009/20040326/spears_britney.jhtml. Retrieved 21 May 2010.
- ^ Theakston, Rob. "allmusic (((The Essentials > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r803062. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "allmusic (((The Best of Britney Fox > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r548428. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f g Rhodes, Paul. "Glam Metal 101 - history, description and examples of glam metal rock- About.com". About.com. http://classicrock.about.com/od/newreleases/a/101_glammetal.htm. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Christe (2003), pg. 226
- ^ Christe, Ian (March 2000). "News". CMJ New Music Monthly. http://books.google.com/books?id=IyoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA63&dq=Celtic+frost+glam+metal&cd=1#v=onepage&q=Celtic%20frost%20glam%20metal&f=false.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Klosterman 2001, pg. 28
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Christe (2003), pg. 159
- ^ Jeffries, Vincent. "allmusic (((Circus of Power > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r4003. Retrieved 10 April 2010.
- ^ a b Prato, Greg. "allmusic (((High Enough and Other Hits > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r668560. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
- ^ Hoffman, K. Ross. "allmusic (((Crashdïet > Biography)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p748845. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ a b c d e "Top 20 Hair Metal Albums of the Eighties - Guitar World". Guitar World. http://www.guitarworld.com/top_20_hair_metal_albums_of_the_eighties?page=0%2C3. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Romano, Tricia (6 December 2009). "Reviving the Roxy - Can the Strip Follow? - NYTimes.com". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/06/fashion/06adler.html. Retrieved 4 June 2010.
- ^ Prato, Greg. "allmusic (((Cycle Sluts from Hell > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p12655. Retrieved 14 April 2010.
- ^ Prato, Greg. "allmusic (((Danger Danger > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p4022. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
- ^ a b c d Klosterman 2001, pg. 27
- ^ "The Darkness - Blender". Blender. http://www.blender.com/guide/48208/darkness.html?blenderpublickey=6LcX_AgAAAAAAOmIZ3eYQ09FvLIaVVTBvUNc4zLf. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Clarke, Betty (5 July 2003). "The Datsuns, Shepherds Bush Empire, London". The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2003/jul/05/artsfeatures.popandrock2. Retrieved 16 May 2010.
- ^ a b c d e "Top 20 Hair Metal Albums of the Eighties - Guitar World". Guitar World. http://www.guitarworld.com/top_20_hair_metal_albums_of_the_eighties?page=0%2C0. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ "The Listings: Sept. 9 -- Sept. 15 - New York Times". The New York Times. 9 September 2005. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9802E6D71231F93AA3575AC0A9639C8B63. Retrieved 20 May 2010.
- ^ Schabe, Patrick. "Dirty Looks: Dirty Looks/Turn It Up < PopMatters". PopMatters. http://www.popmatters.com/pm/review/dirty-looks-dirty-looks-turn-it-up. Retrieved 30 May 2010.
- ^ Kandell, Steve (September 2007). "Nothin' But A Good Time". Spin. http://books.google.com/books?id=mCQFHMhVuA8C&pg=PA84&dq=glam+metal&cd=11#v=onepage&q=glam%20metal&f=false.
- ^ Rivadavia, Eduardo. "allmusic (((Discharge Brave New World > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r78991. Retrieved 5 October 2010.
- ^ Pejović, Nenad. "Teškometalni Ikar protiv gravitacije". Popboks. http://www.popboks.com/tekst.php?ID=7240/. Retrieved 22 May 2011.
- ^ Metal - A Headbanger's Journey, DVD, ASIN B000FS9OZY (2005).
- ^ Klosterman 2001, pg. 247
- ^ a b Hunter 2004, pg. 211
- ^ Crawford, Allyson B.. "Enuff Z'nuff Don't Cheat When Playing Live - Noisecreep". Noisecreep. http://www.noisecreep.com/2010/05/13/enuff-znuff-dont-cheat-when-playing-live/. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
- ^ a b Jonze, Tim (15 April 2009). "A bluffers guide to heavy metal". London: The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2009/apr/15/heavy-metal-music. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ O'Neill, Brian. "allmusic (((Live Songs from Somewhere > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r621200. Retrieved 17 May 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f "Top 20 Hair Metal Albums of the Eighties - Guitar World". Guitar World. http://www.guitarworld.com/top_20_hair_metal_albums_of_the_eighties?page=0%2C2. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Lentz, Andrew. "Harder ’n Emeralds - Page 1 - Music - Los Angeles - LA Weekly". LA Weekly. http://www.laweekly.com/2002-03-21/music/harder-n-emeralds/. Retrieved 5 June 2010.
- ^ Thomas Erlewine, Stephen. "allmusic (((Category 5 > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r432897. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Rivadavia, Eduardo. "allmusic (((Giant > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p4361. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
- ^ DeGagne, Mike. "allmusic (((On Earth as It Is in Heaven > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r629. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
- ^ Zimmermann, Curtis. "allmusic (((Gorky Park > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r8457. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
- ^ About.com
- ^ Friedlander 2006, pg. 305, "An aging heavy metal band that had a hit with "Once Bitten Twice Shy" in the hair-band eighties, Great White suffered the deaths of their guitarist, Ty Longley, and scores of fans"
- ^ DiGravina, Tim. "Swagger - Gun | AllMusic". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/swagger-r221235. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
- ^ Freeman, Phil. "allmusic (((Beg for It > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r1615187. Retrieved 10 April 2010.
- ^ Stone, Doug. "allmusic (((Hagar Schon Aaronson Shrieve > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p187497. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
- ^ Eremenko, Alexey. "allmusic (((H.E.A.T. > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r40286. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
- ^ Demalon, Tom. "allmusic (((Heavy Bones > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p22438. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
- ^ Rivadavia, Eduardo. "allmusic (((Hollywood Rose > Biography)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p657398. Retrieved 31 March 2010.
- ^ Henderson, Alex. "allmusic (((Slave to the Thrill > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r9685. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
- ^ Theakston, Rob. "allmusic (((Night of the Crime > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r173513. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
- ^ Ware, Tony. "Iggy Pop/Impotent Sea Snakes : Atlanta Earthlink live - Live Reviews - NME.COM". NME. http://www.nme.com/reviews/iggy-pop/5800. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
- ^ a b Klosterman, Chuck. "The Return of Hair Metal - Blender". Blender. http://www.blender.com/guide/66644/return-hair-metal.html. Retrieved 16 April 2010.
- ^ Birchmeier, Jason. "allmusic (((Jackyl > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r55292. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Buckley 2003, pg. 533, "London's music business was wrestling with its confusion over the burgeoning punk rock scene, and Japan's curious glam-metal funk was not the most obvious product."
- ^ Prato, Greg. "allmusic (((Jetboy > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p13334. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Rivadavia, Eduardo. "allmusic (((The Right to Rock > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r10773. Retrieved 31 March 2010.
- ^ Prato, Greg. "allmusic (((Kik Tracee > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p13395. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
- ^ Theakston, Rob. "allmusic (((Ready to Strike > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r59531. Retrieved 31 March 2010.
- ^ Demalon, Tom. "allmusic (((Kingdom Come > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p4686. Retrieved 4 April 2010.
- ^ Steveson, Jane. "CANOE -- JAM! Music - Pop Encyclopedia - Kiss, but no tell". JAM!. http://jam.canoe.ca/Music/Artists/K/Kiss/2002/01/15/pf-746628.html. Retrieved 13 April 2010.
- ^ a b c d e Crocker 1993, pg. 8, "In the middle of the seventies, glam-metal rockers like Queen, Sweet, T. Rex, Slade, and later, Kiss, would keep the world safe for flamboyant clothes and makeup, androgyny, bizarre theatrics and powerful riffing."
- ^ Franck, John. "allmusic (((Kix > Biography)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p4693. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Bregman, Adam. "allmusic (((Metal Rendez-Vous > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r11241. Retrieved 18 April 2010.
- ^ a b Keiper, Nicole (September 2000). "Label Profile: Spitfire Records". CMJ New Music Monthly. http://books.google.com/books?id=0ioEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA17&dq=Helloween+hair+metal&cd=1#v=onepage&q=Helloween%20hair%20metal&f=false.
- ^ Bukszpan 2003 pg. 122
- ^ Jeffries, Vincent. "allmusic (((Fields of Yesterday [Bonus Tracks > Overview)))"]. Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r987156. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
- ^ Mason, Stewart. "allmusic (((Love You to Pieces > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r11868. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Christe (2003), pg. 160
- ^ Thompson 2000, pg. 508, "Mother Love Bone formed from the wreckage of PNW glam metal mutants Malfunksun,"
- ^ Christe (2003), pg. 231
- ^ Moore 2010, pg. 122, "Mother Love Bone was a Northwestern cousin of the glam metal bands who ruled Hollywood in the 1980s."
- ^ Christopher Monger, James. "allmusic (((Bump Ahead/Lean in to It > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r1411436. Retrieved 14 April 2010.
- ^ a b c Creswell 2006, pg. 620, "Fowley and his coterie of Anglophiles like DJ Rodney Bigenheimer and journalist/record maker Greg Shaw had an acute appreciation for the glam-metal pop that came out of England with the Sweet, Mud, Slade, and the like."
- ^ White, Dave. "Musical Dads of Musical Kids - About.com". About.com. http://classicrock.about.com/od/bandartistprofil2/tp/musical_dads.01.htm. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
- ^ Goldberg, Michael Alan. "Desert Invasion: How to Survive Being Assaulted by Washed-Up Hair Metal Acts - Page 1 - Music". Phoenix News Time. http://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/2009-05-07/music/desert-invasion-how-to-survive-being-assaulted-by-washed-up-hair-metal-acts/. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
- ^ Flota, Brian. "allmusic (((The Nymphs > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r14316. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ Mclver 2002, pg. 93, "ORGY: The new faces of glam-metal."
- ^ Osvajači biography on kragujevcani.com
- ^ Janjatović, Petar (2007). EX YU ROCK enciklopedija 1960-2006. Belgrade: self-released. p. 163.
- ^ Rivadavia, Eduardo. "allmusic (((Projects in the Jungle > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r316766. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Mason, Stewart. "allmusic (((Sweet Trade > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r1211857. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ Huey, Steve. "allmusic (((Pretty Boy Floyd > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p13980. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Kemp, Rob. "Scaramouche! 'Queen: The Musical'?". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1441463/20010309/queen.jhtml. Retrieved 15 April 2010.
- ^ Brackett 2004, pg. 668, "The group began as a somewhat crude glam-metal outfit with arty underpinnings."
- ^ Gundersen, Edna (30 March 2004). "Kids are listening to their parents Their parents' music, that is". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2004-03-29-classic-rock-kids_x.htm. Retrieved 6 June 2010.
- ^ Prato, Greg. "allmusic (((Guilty Pleasures > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r526373. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Fields, Gaylord. "Quiet Riot Singer Kevin DuBrow Dies at 52". Spinner.com. http://www.spinner.com/2007/11/26/quiet-riot-singer-kevin-dubrow-dies-at-52/. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Page, Lara. "Music Interview - Ginger from The Wildhearts talks to Lara Page". Express & Star. http://www.expressandstar.com/latest/2008/12/15/ginger/. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
- ^ Torreano, Bradley. "allmusic (((Rock City Angels > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p23836. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
- ^ Rivadavia, Eduardo. "allmusic (((Wants You! > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r56788. Retrieved 19 April 2010.
- ^ Buckley 2003, pg. 398, "Fowley also masterminded the launch of all-girl group, THE RUNAWAYS. In a breathtakingly blatant exercise in teenage glam-metal exploitation,"
- ^ Downing, Brian. "allmusic (((Water > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r255938. Retrieved 31 March 2010.
- ^ http://allmusic.com/artist/scorpions-p5370
- ^ Popoff, Martin. "Shark Island". Lollipop.com. http://www.lollipop.com/article.php3?content=2007/08aug/sharkisland.html. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
- ^ Jeffries, Vincent. "allmusic (((Violent New Breed > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r190883. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
- ^ Thompson 2002, pg. 260, "Glam-metal hopefuls Silverhead,"
- ^ Weber, Barry. "allmusic (((Skid Row > Biography)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p5444. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ a b Dunn, Sam (Director) (August 5, 2005). Metal: A Headbanger's Journey (motion picture). Canada: Dunn, Sam. http://imdb.com/title/tt0478209/.
- ^ a b Tennenbaum, Rob (5 July 1992). "NAME THAT TUNE AN UP-TO-THE-MINUTE DICTIONARY OF ROCK". Newsday. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/newsday/access/77552210.html?dids=77552210:77552210&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jul+05%2C+1992&author=BY+ROB+TENNENBAUM.+Rob+Tannenbaum+is+a+free-lance&pub=Newsday+(Combined+editions)&desc=NAME+THAT+TUNE+AN+UP-TO-THE-MINUTE+DICTIONARY+OF+ROCK&pqatl=google. Retrieved 4 June 2010.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "allmusic (((Fear No Evil > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r229200. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
- ^ Prato, Greg. "allmusic (((Sleeze Beez > Biography)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p26976. Retrieved 14 April 2010.
- ^ Yabroff, Jennie. ""Spinal Tap" and Its Influence - Newsweek.com". Newsweek. http://www.newsweek.com/id/193490. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
- ^ "allmusic (((Stage Dolls > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p14370. Retrieved 4 April 2010.
- ^ Prato, Greg. "allmusic (((Steelheart > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p14388. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
- ^ Lymangrover, Jason. "allmusic (((Feel the Steel > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r1671967. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Mansfield, Brian. "allmusic (((Edge of the Century > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r19277. Retrieved 29 March 2010. - Melodic hard pop and power ballads, obviously cut from the same cloth as Journey, but with a nod to modern metal.
- ^ Gimarc 2005, pg. 139, "The Survivors (a glam-metal band from Brisbane) sing about "Mr. Record Man" and "Baby Come Back" while jab play "Let's Go" and "Blonde And Bombed.""
- ^ Rivadavia, Eduardo. "allmusic (((Thor Against the World > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r783546. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ "BBC NEWS". BBC. 24 September 2007. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/7010429.stm. Retrieved 31 March 2010.
- ^ Hinds, Andy. "allmusic (((Firefly & Live > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r317711. Retrieved 4 April 2010.
- ^ Book, John (20 February 2008). "allmusic (((Tokio Hotel)))". Allmusic. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/20/arts/music/20toki.htmlsql=11:difuxqr5ldse. Retrieved 4 April 2010.
- ^ Moerder, Adam. "Pitchfork: Album Reviews: Towers of London: Blood, Sweat, & Towers". Pitchfork Media. http://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/9140-blood-sweat-towers/. Retrieved 4 June 2010.
- ^ Elliott, Stuart (8 March 2006). "Oscar Night Awards for the Entr'Actes - New York Times". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/08/business/media/08adco.html. Retrieved 30 May 2010.
- ^ Stone, Doug. "allmusic (((T-Ride > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p130118. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
- ^ Leahey, Andrew. "allmusic (((Trixter > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p5700. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Torreano, Bradley. "allmusic (((Hell & Back Together: 1984-1990 > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r58937. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
- ^ Christopher Monger, James. "allmusic (((Twisted Christmas > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r860222. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Mathew, Leslie. "allmusic (((The Very Best of Ugly Kid Joe: As Ugly as It Gets Ugly Kid Joe > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r367648. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
- ^ Downing, Brian. "allmusic (((The Best of Vandenberg > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r20997. Retrieved 30 May 2010.
- ^ Prato, Greg. "allmusic (((Vinnie Vincent Invasion > Biography)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p198512. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Theakston, Rob. "allmusic (((Vixen > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r52141. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Prato, Greg. "allmusic (((White Lion > Biography)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p5817. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Prato, Greg. "allmusic (((Mark St. John > Biography)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p191960. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
- ^ Huey, Steve. "allmusic (((Winger > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r22018. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Begai, Carl. "Bravewords.com > Features". Brave Words & Bloody Knuckles. http://www.bravewords.com/features/1000485. Retrieved 28 May 2010.
- ^ Henderson, Alex. "allmusic (((Hungry > Overview)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r22389. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
- ^ Rivadavia, Eduardo. "allmusic (((Y&T > Biography)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p5887. Retrieved 31 March 2010.
- ^ Stone, Doug. "allmusic (((Zebra > Biography)))". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p5905. Retrieved 31 March 2010.
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- Bukszpan, Daniel; James Dio, Ronnie (2003). The Encyclopedia of Heavy Metal. Barnes & Noble Publishing Inc.. ISBN 978-0-7607-4218-1.
- Scaruffi, Piero (2003). A History of Rock Music:1951-2000. ¡Universe, Inc.. ISBN 978-0-595-29565-4.
- Friedlander, Paul; Miller, Peter (2006). Rock & Roll: A Social History. Westview Press. ISBN 978-0-8133-4306-8.
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- Brackett, Nathan; Hoard, Christian (2004). The New Rolling Stone Album Guide. Simon & Schuster New York. ISBN 978-978-0-7432-0169-8.
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